Obesity And Its Effects On Obesity - 1554 Words

Obesity is a condition that is characterized by excess body weight due to the overconsumption of calories in relation to the calorie loss. There are however other associated causes of obesity that have been identified by the scholars and the variables involved in the trend of this condition have a significant correlation. Different tools have been implemented overtime in the management of obesity to mitigate the short term and the long-term effects that result from this condition. However, there has been a variance in the view of the prevalence and incidence of obesity. This has caused a lack of a common ground among the researchers; making this topic an endless motion. Some of†¦show more content†¦The nation defines the target group to comprise of all the members of public as they are all at risk of obesity while the communities are more specific as they tend to address the subgroups of the affected and infected (Clutton, Grisbrooke Pengelly, 2006). Despite the variance i n the target-population among most researchers, all the age groups should be the target population but it should be noted that some reports have exaggerated information especially on the trend of the disease. There are reports that postulate that there will be increased incidence of obesity in the future but most of the figures are exaggerated, as they are not in line with the past occurrences. Whereas most studies have, recorded increase of the obesity prevalence with the increase in time the difference is not significant as it lies below one. Information that is not based on facts can be misleading and increase the plight of those suffering from the disease and in return lead to other complications. For example an adolescent who accesses information that most of the heavy people have a threefold risk of obesity incidence than the thin people is likely to be frightened and decide starve in the name of dieting leading to bulimia and anorexia conditions. The paper outlines facts of o besity that are not exaggerated and will thereby; reduce the tension of the condition leading to a calm way of dealing with this challenge. There is a difference

Russian Art, Music and Literature Essay - 860 Words

Russian Art, Music and Literature The Arts play a large role in the expression of inner thoughts and beauty in life. From dance and music to art the concept of life is shown through the various ways in which we interpret it. The arts play a valued role in creating cultures and developing and documenting civilizations. Russia has been developing the its culture for as long as anybody could think. Nowadays, Russian painters and musicians are quickly becoming well known among each and every one around the world. It should be no surprise that the rich Russian culture is producing so much talent, and everyone around the world seems to enjoy it. Great artists such as Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky (music), Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov (literature),†¦show more content†¦Numerous people around the world listen to Tchaikovsky when they are either in a bad mood and want to relax or just to break away from the world and go to an imaginary world. In music competitions countless of musicians perform Symphony no. 6 in B minor to h ave a chance at winning the competition. Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov is a very known poet, novelist, playwright, translator, and essayist who pioneered Russian modernism. He first gained critical recognition when he published (with A.A. Lang) Russkie simvolisty (1894-95; Russian Symbolists), an anthology of original poems by Russian Symbolists as well as of translations from the French. This work was an important landmark in the Russian modernist movement, and Bryusov eventually became the recognized leader of Russian Symbolism when he assumed in 1904 the editorship of its leading critical journal, Vesy (The Scales). The most important of Bryusovs own ten volumes of original poetry published between 1895 and 1921 were Tertia vigilia (Third Vigil), Urbi et orbi (To the City and the World), and Stephanos. 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Huckleberry Finn Hoesty Quotes Analysis free essay sample

Money can cause for people to lose the value of honesty. ’What did you say your name was, honey? ’ M– calls me Sarah, some calls me Mary. (54)Huck is not one to give up on a lie. He spins new tales as old ones are discovered to be false. Even when he knows he’s caught, he doesn’t budge. Huck is good at coming up with another spur-of-the-moment lie in attempt to keep the real truth hidden. â€Å"Jim won’t ever forgit you, Huck; you’s de bes’ fren’ Jim’s ever had; en you’s de only fren’ olde Jim got now. †(83)Huck’s conscience troubles him deeply about helping Jim escape from his â€Å"rightful owner,† Miss Watson, especially after all she has done for Huck. Jim talks on and on about going to the free states, especially about his plan to earn money to buy the freedom of his wife and children. We will write a custom essay sample on Huckleberry Finn Hoesty Quotes Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jim might be saying this to Huck because he is thankful or because he really means it. In past passages Jim’s honesty has been put in jeopardy. â€Å"They went off, and I got aboard the raft, feeling bad and low, because I knowed very well I had done wrong, and I see it warn’t no use for me to try to learn to do right†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (85)Huck seems to lie a lot. It’s very easy for him to be deceptive with others yet he is honest with himself. He is aware of when he is doing wrong and knows that he can’t change the fact that he is a fallacious person. â€Å"Mars Jawge, if youll come down into de swamp Ill show you a whole stack o water-moccasins. (102)There’s something playful about some kinds of deception in this novel. It doesn’t seem manipulative so much as beneficial in cases like this. The deception in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn often points out how almost everyone is gullible to some extent, or at least trusts in the honest or well-intentioned nature of others. It wouldn’t a done no good; and besides, it was just as I said; you couldn’t tell them from the real kind. †(141)The reason why can’t tell a real majesty from an imposter is because they are both dishonest with their people. The imposter lies in order to get what he/she wants. A real majesty also lies for one reason or another. Once a lie is told many more are to follow in order to sustain the first lie. â€Å"You can’t pray a lie-I found that out. †(192)Huck wants to do the right thing but he has gotten used to always doing the dishonest thing. He has now realized that he can’t be a different person even if he wants to.

Michael Porters Model analysis of the Russias color Cosmetics Industry

Introduction Revlon is a global leader in the beauty and personal care industry, focusing primarily on color cosmetic products. Since its establishment in 1932 by Charles Revson, Joseph Revson along with a chemist, Charles Lachman, it has grown to be a leading global brand name with subsidiaries all over the world. It is now eyeing the vibrant Russian market on its expansion plan.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Michael Porter’s Model analysis of the Russia’s color Cosmetics Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, before venturing into this highly competitive market, as per business requisites, it is required to conduct an investment feasibility study of extending Revlon’s color cosmetics products into the Russian market. In this report we will conduct a PESTEL analysis to understand Russia’s attractiveness as a country and use the Michael Porter’s Five Competitive F orces Model – with a bias on the two major competitive forces of the model, namely the bargaining power of suppliers and bargaining power of buyers – to understand the competition in the Russian color cosmetics industry in order to determine its attractiveness as a market for Revlon and analyze the intensity of competition in Russia’s color cosmetics industry. But, first let us get a general overview of Russian cosmetic industry to understand the market. According to the â€Å"Russian Cosmetics Market Forecast (2008-2012),† Russia is emerging as one of the most vibrant cosmetics industry within Europe; figuratively, as ofo 2008 the industry enjoyed a growth of approximately 9-14 % annually (Global Impact 2010) and for the first time the industry hit the US$ 9 billion mark. This trend can be attributed to factors such as growing per capita purchasing on cosmetics, promising consumer preferences, growing products creativeness and the attractiveness of the R ussian cosmetic industry that has attracted many international players in the market, which have shown the sustainability of the industry even in the long run. Even during the 2007-2009 global recession the market remained strong and as of now is expected to grow at approximately 8.8 percent annually during the 2010-2013 period (BAC 2011). Figure 2. growth in the size of russian cosmetic industry before 2007 source alexander aginsky the russian blog.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Russian color cosmetic industry is dominated by foreign giants who enjoy a significant 53% of the market share and the rest by local companies which command a 43% percent of the market share while (Podsushnaya 2010). The largest segment of Russian cosmetic industry belongs to hair care and color cosmetics each enjoying a sales share of approximately 18 and 17.7% respectively. Figure 1. A pi e chart representing the segment share by sales value of cosmetics in russia in 2008 Enough been noted of the Russian cosmetic industry, which seems to be favor of Revlon, we will now look at the two competitive forces of the model, that is, the bargaining power of suppliers and the bargaining power of buyers within Russia’s color cosmetics industry. Bargaining power of buyers Business in an international or multinational scale is not an easy affair as an organization deals with different types of buyers. It is therefore necessary that managers and those who are in top decision making organs in commercial organizations to know that their goals such as profits, revenues, survival, and growth will be ultimately affected by the bargaining power of buyers combined with political, economic, social, environmental and legal forces within an industry (Anderson 1982: Frey 2008). According to porter’s model, the bargaining power of buyers drives competition (Wheelen Hunger 2002 ; Worthington Britton 2009). In the case for the Russian cosmetic industry, the bargaining power of buyers will often affect the floor and ceiling price within the industry. The ceiling price within the cosmetic industry can be said to be the highest amount possible that a company like Revlon can be able to charge for its products, while on the other hand the floor price is simply the lowest price that it can charge for its products (Ansoff 1995; Howard 1957; Stevenson 1985).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Michael Porter’s Model analysis of the Russia’s color Cosmetics Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Commercial organizations will always search avenues and peruse strategies that often reduce the bargaining power of buyers to increase chances of charging higher prices and increase their gross profit margins while on the other hand rational consumers will always struggle to push up their bargaining power and therefore and save on funds (Camillus 1986). The following are variables that may end up affecting the bargaining power of buyers in either direction: A buyer purchases a huge fraction of the sellers product or service According to Aginsky Consulting Group, Russians spend about 11-13% of their income on cosmetic products. Cosmetic retailers purchase 29%,Departmental stores 24%,direct sales 20%phamacies 10% and concept stores 55% therefore buyer who purchases a large portion of the total inventory of Revlon is more likely to have a higher bargaining power than that a client who buys a small portion. Consumers who purchase large portions often end up demanding for large discounts as compared to those consumers who purchase smaller proportions (Kumar 1997; Hutt and Speh 1995).Therefore Cosmetic retailers will have a higher bargaining power than concept stores while pharmacies may have medium bargaining power. B) Buyer has the potential to integrate backward Backwar d integration is whereby a buyer can produce the product him/herself. When consumers either individual or institutional can produce the product itself i.e. products such as soap, lipstick, and other forms of products they in turn will increase their own bargaining power (Porter 1990). Making cosmetics is a complex and expensive process, and the Russian industry does not have, or if there are very few, cottage industries or individuals who can make cosmetic products for their own subsistence consumption and therefore the bargaining power of buyers is low to this respect, therefore implying that companies such as Revlon enjoy a higher bargaining power (Podsushnaya, 2010).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More C) Alternative suppliers The number of participants within the Russian cosmetic industry is highly important, because the more the cosmetic companies the more the number of product options among the consumers. Consumers who are presented with a lot of options that come from Revlon’s competitors such as Svoboda, Ferberlia, Kosmetika, Nerskaya, Kalina and many others leave the consumer more empowered and consequently have a higher bargaining power (Waterschoot Bulte 1992). Consumers/buyers with a higher bargaining power serve as a threat to a commercial enterprises’ competitive advantage because they have the ability to push prices down. Conversely, when there are fewer options for consumers as it is the case for monopolistic businesses than their bargaining power is greatly reduced (Khermouch 2003). Pyatyorochka, Perekryostok, Sedmoy Continent, Ramstore, Auchan, and Metro are some of the large retail outlet chains that interact directly with consumers by stocking mass market products therefore have the consumer’s freedom to choose to visit any of these stores making consumers enjoy high levels of bargaining power. D) Changing supplier costs (switching costs) Switching costs are the total costs that a consumer is expected to incur when he/she decides to move from one brand to another (Halinen 1995; Tait 2010). High switching costs translate to lower bargaining power for consumers and therefore intensity of competition within an industry increases. For the Russian color cosmetics consumers, there are no switching costs for changing from one brand to another, thus new products it is easy to enter the market provided the products prove different from the rest and through the right marketing channel. Buyers therefore enjoy high levels of bargaining power (Tait 2007), making it suitable for free competition between industry participants. E) A buyer earns low profits and consequently is very sensitive to cost and service differences A buyer somet imes is a reseller, that is, somebody buys, say, Revlon’s products as a wholesaler/distributor who buys a product with the outright intention of reselling the products again to make profit (Anderson Narus 1990; Dwyer, Schurr and Oh 1987). These individuals and commercial enterprises in the market such as, Pyatyorochka, Perekryostok, Sedmoy Continent, Ramstore, Auchan, and Metro, become highly price sensitive because their purchases are based on future expected price margins. If their purchases mean that they will enjoy fewer profits then they may end up not stocking products of that supplier and therefore Revlon may enjoy moderate bargaining power and aim to those who stock their products (Ford 1990; Heide 1994). Conclusion and recommendations For Revlon to successfully penetrate the Russian market, given that the bargaining power of Russian cosmetic consumers is very high, it needs to find ways and means of reducing the bargaining power of buyers so that it can attain a sig nificant market share, hence margins of Revenue. This can be achieved through strategic marketing, and promotions, pricing mechanisims and devise effective market penetration tactics. Bargaining power of suppliers According to the â€Å"Russian Cosmetic Industry Report†, the cosmetic market for mass section products is over-dominated by both local firms such as Kalina, Nerskaya Kosmetika, Svoboda, and Faberilic who enjoy a 43%-49% market share while 49%-53% market share belongs to foreign companies such as Procter Gamble, Schwarzkopf Henkel, Unilever and Beiersdorf. The domestic manufacturers’ products are more preferred by the Russian consumers for foreign companies like PG among others. Thus, for Revlon it is quite a challenge to penetrate the market though it is not impossible, and as a recommendation it needs to deliver to low end markets and pursue a cost leadership strategy (Kefela 2010). Suppliers also consist of influential organizations or people; this is si mply because the kind of products which they sell is raw materials. Without these raw materials than production will be disabled (Abell and John Hammond 1979; Light and Laura 1992). Suppliers are individuals/companies who usually want or aim to maximize the profit margin of the product which they supply to their clients and therefore will always sell products at high prices. Revlon sources its raw materials from multiple sources including farmers, pharmaceutical companies, plastic manufacturers and labs who manufacture chemical compounds. Each and every one of these supplier therefore aims to maximize his/her bargaining power while on the other hand Revlon wishes to pay less for raw materials and save on funds (Spekman Johnston 1986). It therefore becomes necessary for Revlon to formulate and implement strategies that will in turn reduce the bargaining power of suppliers and reduce the prices that they charge for raw materials (Kourdi 2009; Na. 2006). It is important to know the c ost of inputs can be used as a source of key company competencies as it is the case for Toyota motors. Toyota has successfully found avenues of reducing costs by sourcing the highest quality of raw materials from the cheapest sources within the industry. The following are factors that can affect the bargaining power of suppliers: (Weetman 2006) If the supplier industry is subject to a few companies When an entire industry has only a few suppliers and many buyers, the demand of raw materials increases tremendously and consequently the bargaining power of suppliers increases (Kitchen 2005; Jaber 2009). The Russian cosmetic industry has many participants and numerous suppliers ranging from laboratories, farms and pharmaceutical manufacturers therefore suppliers have a lower bargaining power. The increased number of supplier options means that participants such as Revlon and others are entitled to a higher bargaining power when negotiating with suppliers. If a product supplied by a supp lier is unique or highly differentiated Some suppliers produce highly differentiated raw materials to sell to their clientele. A good example is pharmaceutical products that are made from mixing numerous chemical compounds that are supplied to Revlon by leading world pharmaceutical companies that are used to make hair, oil and skin lotions. These products are highly differentiated and come around as a result of high levels of differentiation that can only be obtained by scientists who spend a lot of resources and their time in laboratories and therefore pharmaceutical as suppliers gain more bargaining power (Lancaster Withey 2006). Therefore suppliers who supply these products to Revlon have a high bargaining power. C) Availability of substitutes The availability of substitutes often means that there are more and more options on the table for those who purchase products (Lim 2009; Hiles 2010). But when there are no substitutes in an industry then suppliers are placed in a better c ompetitive position. Revlon being a multinational company, it sources its raw materials from numerous suppliers and has a lot of options for formulating cosmetics and therefore consequently has a high bargaining power when entering into contracts of supply with other suppliers. Therefore lowering the bargaining power of these suppliers. D) The ability of suppliers to integrate forward Sometimes suppliers are able to produce products that compete at the same time with their customers (Sinkovics Ghauri 2009; Koontz Weihrich 2009). For example pharmaceutical companies are able to produce products which at the same time compete with the products that are produced by Revlon therefore driving down the bargaining power of Revlon. Some Participants within this industry act as suppliers of raw material and at the same time also produce end products therefore increasing the level of competitive intensity within the industry and their bargaining power as suppliers and consequently lowering t he bargaining power of Revlon when they enter into contacts of supply (Alexander 2010). E) When the purchasing industry buys only a small portion of the supplier’s product Figure 3. An illustration various industries and the respective portions of the supplier’s product ( i.E cosmetics) that they purchase. Suppliers may consider some of its customers unimportant simply because the customers who consist within this industry only form a very small portion of their sales (Charles et al 2009; Kotler Keller 2006). When suppliers are in such a position they may threaten their customers by either stating that the desire to exit from such industry and therefore increasing their bargaining power (Campbell et al 2002). Consequently, they will charge more for their products and services. In the case of 2.9% pharmacies industry represent a small portion of the total purchases that are bought from cosmetic companies. Cosmetic companies who supply to this industry will have a high er bargaining power, conversely cosmetic companies serving Departmental store will have reduced bargaining power. When suppliers enjoy such high levels of bargaining power then industry participants like Revlon may often suffer by paying higher prices for supplies and hence proper material sourcing is required. Conclusion and Recommendations Looking at the high bargaining power of buyers and a low bargaining power of suppliers, it seems the Russian color cosmetics industry still has a lot of potential even for new entrants into the market, like Revlon. Revlon has plenty of resources at hand and it needs to exploit other means and mechanisms that will reduce the bargaining power of suppliers, while maintaining the bargaining power of suppliers. References Abell, D. and John S. (1979). Strategic Market Planning: Problems and Analytical Approaches. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Alexander A., Russia Blog. 2010. Retrieved from http://www.russiablog.org/2008/09/russian_cosmetics_ma rket_overv.php Allison, M. Kaye, J. (2005). Simplified strategic planning: a no-nonsense guide for busy people who want results fast. Worcester, MA: Chandler House Press. Anderson, J. and Narus, J. (1990). A model of distributor firm and manufacturer firm working. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54, pp. 42-58. Anderson, P. (1982). Marketing, Strategic Planning, and the Theory of the Firm, Journal of Marketing, 46, 7–23. Ansoff, H. (1995). Corporate Strategy: An Analytical Approach to Business Policy for Growth and Expansion. New York: McGraw-Hill. BAC. 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Bangbang Essays

Bangbang Essays Bangbang Essay Bangbang Essay IDS 355 Introduction to Operations Management Fall 2012 INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Aris Ouksel Office: UH 2411 Phone: 312-996-0771 E-mail:[emailprotected] edu Office Hours:By appointment in UH 2411 INSTRUCTOR: Prof. Doug Lundquist Office: UH 2320 Phone: E-mail:[emailprotected] edu Office Hours:By appointment in UH 2320 TAs/INSTRUCTORS FOR LAB SECTIONS: TA/Instructor:Tapas Patil E-mail: [emailprotected] edu Office Hours:by appointment TA/Instructor:Viswanath Ramachandran E-mail: [emailprotected] edu Office Hours:by appointment TA/Instructor:Rajeev Ravikumar E-mail: [emailprotected] edu Office Hours:by appointment TA/Instructor:Melroy Rodrigues E-mail: [emailprotected] edu Office Hours:by appointment TA/Instructor:Venkatram Samavedula E-mail: [emailprotected] edu Office Hours:by appointment TA/Instructor:Imran Shaik E-mail: [emailprotected] edu Office Hours:by appointment |Call # |Day |Time |Room |TA |e-mail | |14004 |Monday |8:00 – 8:50am |L270 EPASW |Vishwanath Ramachandran |[emailprotected] du | |14005 |Wednesday |3:00 – 3:50pm |L270 EPASW |Tapas Patil |[emailprotected] edu | |14006 |Friday |9:00 – 9:50am |L270 EPASW |Venkatram Samavedula |[emailprotected] edu | |14007 |Tuesday |2:30 – 3:20pm |L270 EPASW |Rajeev Ravikumar |[emailprotected] edu | |14008 |Thursday |4:30 – 5:20pm |SEL 2249 (not 2249F! |Melroy Rodrigues |[emailprotected] edu | |14009 |Friday |3:00 – 3:50pm |L270 EPASW |Venkatram Samavedula |[emailprotected] edu | |14010 |Tuesday |8:00 – 8:50am |L270 EPASW |Imran Shaik |[emailprotected] edu | |14011 |Mo nday |5:00 – 5:50pm |SEL 2058 |Melroy Rodrigues |[emailprotected] du | |30295 |Wednesday |9:00 – 9:50am |L270 EPASW |Vishwanath  Ramachandran |[emailprotected] edu | |30296 |Thursday |9:30 – 10:20am |L270 EPASW |Rajeev Ravikumar |[emailprotected] edu | |30297 |Thursday |5:00 – 5:50pm |L270 EPASW |Imran Shaik |[emailprotected] edu | |30298 |Thursday |3:30 – 4:20pm |L270 EPASW |Tapas Patil |[emailprotected] du | 1. General Information Operations Management is the management of systems or processes that create goods and/or provide services. It is about how efficiently a company can produce goods and /or provide services. As companies are increasingly competing on the basis of time, cost and service, managing operations becomes critical for the competitiveness of any business. Studying operations management gives you important knowledge concerning how they do this. Since operations are a key part of the existence of a company, everyone in business de als with them directly or indirectly. If you are involved in making a decision concerning marketing or accounting or finance or human resources or information systems, you should be concerned about operations. In this course, you will learn about the operations manager’s view of the company and will learn about the techniques and procedures of making good decisions in managing operations. Activities in the lab will show you how you can use analytical tools to assist in decisions affecting operations. 1. 1 Course Components Lectures: Lectures will follow the course outline, although minor adjustments may occur during the semester. Most of the lecture time will be devoted to reviewing and applying reading from the book. Videos may be shown in class to illustrate some of the concepts explained throughout the lectures. We may also cover technical issues related to lab exercises and homework. Students are expected to read the relevant textbook chapters and PowerPoint slides prior to lecture. Laboratory (Discussion) Sections: There will be 10 lab sessions during the semester. In these sessions you will work on problems related to the topics discussed in the lecture classes using Excel, TreePlan, and MS Project. The problems assigned for homework assignments will be similar to the problems discussed in the lab sessions. Attendance will be taken in the lab sessions. A brief outline of topics that will be covered in this course and the schedule of classes and lab sessions are provided at the end of this document. 1. 2 Course Materials Textbooks This course uses two texts: Operations Management Fall 2012 (portions of Operations Management by Stevenson, 11th edition, and Service Management, 7th edition, by Fitzsimmons Fitzsimmons). Available as an e-book download from McGraw-Hill (instructions posted on Blackboard). ISBN: 9781121623026 o The text used in Spring Summer 2012 (just titled Operations Management) contains all chapters used this semester and four additional ones and may be available in the UIC bookstore. o Students may certainly also purchase the entire Stevenson Fitzsimmons textbooks. A. Ouksel and D. Lundquist, Lab Manual Lecture Notes (1st edition). This will be on sale in th e UIC bookstore by the second week of classes. Software All software needed for this course is available in the UIC computer labs. Students who wish to use their own computers will, of course, need to acquire their own copies of the software. This course uses: Microsoft Excel Microsoft Project TreePlan add-in for Excel (available as a free demo at www. treeplan. com) 1. 3 Blackboard Sites We will be using the Blackboard facility for this course. If you are enrolled in this course, you will also be enrolled on two Blackboard sites. Everyone taking IDS 355 this semester will be enrolled on the main IDS 355 site. This site will give most of the information concerning this course as well as PowerPoint slides for lectures. You will also be enrolled in another Blackboard site for your lab/discussion section. You will use the lab site to post homework assignments and to check your lab grades. To access these sites, point your browser to http://blackboard. uic. edu. Your Blackboard login name is your UIC NetID (lower case! ). This is the part before the @ in your UIC e-mail address; your password is your usual UIC password (the one you use to access UIC computers). If you have any problems using Blackboard, contact your TA. Be sure to give the TA your name, NetID, and lab section. All major announcements about the course will be posted on the main Blackboard course site. Important notices will generally be forwarded to your e-mail address. However, you are ultimately responsible for checking Blackboard to keep informed regarding any course updates. 1. 4 E-Mail Communication Professors and teaching assistants will generally respond to your e-mails within 48 hours. However, the large number of students can generate large volumes of e-mail and sometimes we overlook a message. If you do not receive a response within 72 hours, please resend it. However, please do not e-mail us questions about an assignment two hours before the deadline and expect an immediate response! When e-mailing the professors or your TA, please include the following in your subject line: IDS 355, Lab Section, TA Name. For example, if you are in the Monday 2pm lab section, and your TA is named Smith, please have your subject line read: IDS 355, M 2pm, Smith. This will help us process your request faster. Also, when using Blackboard’s e-mail tools, please send e-mail only to the intended recipient, not one of the group options, which may cause your e-mails to be marked as spam. Homework and Labs: Questions about homework assignments (like assistance and grading) or labs should be sent to your TA (see e-mail addresses on the first page). Lectures and Exams: Questions regarding lecture material, content to be covered on exams, or exam grading should be sent to Prof. Lundquist ([emailprotected] edu). Once again, please make sure to follow the outli ned policies regarding course communication. It is in your best interest to contact the right person so your issue can be resolved as soon as possible. 1. Attendance Policy It is important for you to attend lectures and labs. As a courtesy to your instructors and fellow students, please arrive on time and, if you must leave during lecture, do so quietly. In lecture, major concepts and definitions will be presented and discussed. Your best information about exam content will come from lectures, lab sessions, and homework. If you miss class, you can find out what was covered from an updated course syllabus (available on Blackboard) or from consulting with fellow students. Valid Excuse: Although it is not possible to list every possible valid excuse for missing class, good examples are medical emergencies (either your own or a dependent’s), participation in UIC athletic events, military obligations, and court dates. As a general rule, if you have scheduled the reason yourself, it is not a valid excuse for absence! If you miss a midterm without a valid excuse, you will receive a zero for it. If you miss a final exam without a valid excuse, you will receive an incomplete for the course; to pass the course, you will need to take the final exam in a future semester. You may only be excused from the regularly scheduled times for the midterms and final under the two following circumstances (in either case, proof of your excuse will be required): 1. If you provide a note from a doctor concerning your unavoidable absence. 2. If you provide the instructor with a valid reason for your absence in advance. If you miss an exam with valid cause, you should notify your instructor as soon as possible to schedule your make-up exam. If you miss a lab session, please inform your TA. Should you be absent for an extended period of time, you should notify your instructors, TA, and your college advising office; for most students, this will be the undergraduate office of the College of Business Administration. 1. 6 In-Class Behavior During class, please help create a good learning environment by remaining reasonably quiet and keeping your cell phone silent. As our class has over three hundred students, students talking can make it very difficult for anyone to hear. If you must communicate with your fellow students, please use silent options like texting or writing notes or, better yet, wait until after class. Students who cannot comply with these basic tenets of courtesy will be publicly shamed by one or more of the following: Being requested to stand up and introduce themselves to the class Being asked what is so urgent that it cannot wait until the end of lecture Being asked to leave for the remainder of the lecture or lab 1. 7 Students with Disabilities The University of Illinois at Chicago is committed to maintaining a barrier-free environment so that individuals with disabilities can fully access programs, courses, services, and activities at UIC. Students with disabilities who require accommodations for full access and participation in UIC Programs must be registered with the Disability Resource Center (DRC). Please contact DRC at (312) 413-2183 (voice) or (312) 413- 0123 (TDD). 2. Grading You will be responsible for reading the textbook, learning material presented in lectures and labs, and doing homework assignments using Excel, TreePlan and MS Project. You will be evaluated on lab attendance, homework, two midterms, and a final exam. Also, quizzes may be given during lectures without advance notice announcements. Lecture quizzes will be given as extra credit worth 10pts (or 1% toward your course grade) and may total up to 50 points of bonus points (an extra 5%). No additional extra credit opportunities will be offered. Excluding quizzes, the breakdown of points is as follows: |Homework (5 assignments @ 40pts) |200 | |Lab Attendance (10 labs @ 5pts) |50 | |Midterm (2 exams @ 200pts) |400 | |Final | 350 | |Total: |1000 | . 1 Grading Scale Grades at the end of the semester will be based on the total points that you accumulate. The minimum point total required to earn a grade may be adjusted downward but will not be adjusted upward. The tentative grading scale is: |900 and up |A | |800 to 899 |B | |700 to 799 |C | |600 to 699 |D | |Below 600 |F | 2. 2 Exams There will be two midterm exams worth 200 points each, and a final exam worth 350 points. For each exam, an FAQ file will be posted on Blackboard. The final exam will be comprehensive but will emphasize material covered after the second midterm; specific details will be given in the week before the final. The midterms and final will be scheduled as per the course outline on the last page of this syllabus. Exams are multiple-choice and given on scantrons; bring pencils. For all exams, students are allowed to use calculators and a 3†x5† â€Å"cheat card† with any notes or formulas you choose to put on it. 2. 3 Homework Assignments There are 5 graded homework assignments worth 40 points each. They will be posted on the Blackboard lab site at one week prior to the due date. Your solutions and answers must be submitted through the Blackboard site for your specific lab section by the due date and time for you to receive full credit. Please do not submit your homework via e-mail or the Digital Dropbox on Blackboard! The homework should be submitted using the same link from where it can be downloaded from Blackboard. Note that it is not possible to alter or resubmit an assignment once it has been uploaded. Please name your homework files as [NetID]hw#. For example, if your netID is csmith2, the file for your third homework assignment should be named csmith2hw3. If you ask your TA at least two days in advance, you can receive a three-day deadline extension without penalty. Otherwise, late submissions will have 10pts automatically deducted and will not be accepted after the corresponding solutions are posted (usually less than a week after the deadline). You are urged to submit your homework long before the deadline, as the system may not be up at the deadline time. It is your responsibility to make sure that the homework is uploaded on time. 2. 4 Lab Attendance Attendance will be taken at the start of each lab session. Attending each lab session from start to finish will earn full credit (5pts). Two points will be deducted for arriving late. If you are more than twenty minutes late for the lab, you will receive no attendance credit. Students who must leave lab early will receive pro-rated attendance credit, approximately one point per ten minutes spent in lab. 3. Course Administration This course and its coursework are being administered under the policies of the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) College of Business Administration Honor Code. All students are expected to respect and uphold this code. Violations of the Honor Code are just causes for discipline under the University of Illinois at Chicago Student Disciplinary Procedure, and all allegations of Honor Code violations shall be handled pursuant to that Procedure. 3. 1 Honor Code for the College of Business Administration As an academic community the College of Business Administration at the University of Illinois at Chicago is committed to providing an environment in which teaching, learning, research, and scholarship can flourish and in which all endeavors are guided by academic and professional integrity. All members of the college community – students, faculty, staff, and administrators – share the responsibility of insuring that high standards of integrity are upheld so that such an environment exists. In pursuit of these high ideas and standards of academic life, as a student I hereby commit myself to respect and uphold the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) College of Business Administration Honor Code during my entire matriculation at UIC. I agree to maintain the highest moral and ethical standards in all academic and business endeavors and to conduct myself honorably as a responsible member of the college academic community. This includes the following: Not to seek unfair advantage over other students, including, but not limited to giving or receiving unauthorized aid during completion of academic requirements; To represent fact and self truthfully at all times; To respect the property and personal rights of all members of the academic community. 3. 2 Plagiarism and Inappropriate Use of Others Work The University standards on originality of submitted work apply in this course: don’t copy from other students or turn in other students’ work as your own. If there is clear evidence of copying another student’s work on a quiz, test, exam or homework, the involved students will receive zeroes for that grade and formal disciplinary action may be undertaken. Homework assignments: Talking to other students about homework assignments is a good way to enrich your understanding of the material. However, each student must write up the assignment on his or her own. To avoid misuse of your work, you should not share your papers or files with others. COPYING WILL RESULT IN YOUR RECEIVING A ZERO SCORE FOR THE WHOLE ASSIGNMENT, EVEN IF COPYING IS LIMITED TO A SINGLE QUESTION. Each student must independently create an Excel file and enter the data and formulas in their own spreadsheet. You may not submit another student’s file, and groups of students may not submit copies of the same file. Cutting and pasting from another student’s file is also not allowed. If the same file is submitted by more than one student, all involved students will receive a grade of zero for that assignment. If it is obvious that the information was cut and pasted from another student’s file, all involved students will also receive a grade of zero for that assignment. Repeated incidents will result in failing the course. Exams and quizzes: There is to be no copying or collusion during exams and quizzes. Submitting exams or in-class quizzes for other students will be regarded as cheating. To inhibit cheating, multiple versions of exams will be provided. |IDS 355 Fall 2012: Course Outline | |This outline is for planning purposes only. The actual schedule may vary as the course proceeds. |Week |Topic |Reading |Lab |Lab Topic |Homework | |Week 1 |Introduction to Operations |Ops. Mgmt. |No Lab | | | |August 27 |Management |pp. 2 – 38 | | | | |Week 2 |The Nature of Services |Ops. Mgmt. |No Lab | | | |September 3 | |pp. 9 – 56 | | | | |Week 3 |Service Strategy |Ops. Mgmt. |Lab 1 |Exercise 1: Efficient Use of | | |September 10 | |pp. 57 – 81 | |Excel | | |Week 4 |Forecasting |LM LN, |Lab 2 |Exercise 2: Data Tables and |Homework 1 Posted | |September 17 | |pp. 2 – 23 | |Graphs | | |Week 5 |Strategic Capacity Planning for |Ops. Mgmt. |Lab 3 |Exercise 3: Forecasting |Homework 1 Due | |September 24 |Products and Services |pp. 82 – 111 | |Methods for Stationary Series| | |Week 6 |Midterm 1 (Monday) | |Lab 4 |Exercise 4: Forecasting |Homework 2 Posted | |October 1 |Competitiveness, Strategy, and |Ops. Mgmt. | |Methods for Non-Stationary | | | |Productivity |pp. 112- 144 | |Series | | |Week 7 |Decision Theory |LM LN, |No Lab | |Homework 2 Due | |October 8 | |pp. 30 – 38 | | | | |Week 8 |Service Facility Location |Ops. Mgmt. |Lab 5 |Exercise 5: Decision Theory | | |October 15 | |pp. 145 – 171 | |Problems | | |Week 9 |Inventory Management |LM LN, |Lab 6 |Exercise 7: Location |Homework 3 Posted | |October 22 | |pp. 52 – 67 |Assignment Problems | | | | | | |Exercise 8: Data Sorting | | |Week 10 |Inventory Management | |Lab 7 |Exercise 9: Inventory |Homework 3 Due | |October 29 |(continued) |Ops. Mgmt. | |Management | | | |Supply Chain Management |pp. 72 – 208 | | | | |Week 11 |Quality Control |Ops. Mgmt. |Lab 8 |Exercise 10: Monte Carlo |Homework 4 Posted | |November 5 | |pp. 226 – 269 | |Simulations | | | |Midterm 2 (Friday) | | | | | |Week 12 |Project Management |Ops. Mgmt. |Lab 9 |Exercise 11: Simulations for |Homework 4 Due | |November 12 | |pp. 308 – pp. 359 | |Inventory Decisions | | |Week 13 |Project Management | |Lab 10 |Exercise 12: Project Planning|Homework 5 Posted | |November 19 |(continued) | | |with Microsoft Project | | |Week 14 |Technology in Services |Ops. Mgmt. |No Lab | |Homework 5 Due | |November 26 | |pp. 209 225 | | | | |Week 15 |JIT and Lean Operations |Ops. Mgmt. |No Lab | | | |December 3 | |pp. 70 307 | | | | |Week 16 |FINAL EXAM |Thursday, December 13th, 3:30 – 5:30pm |LOCATION TBA | |December 10 | | | | NOTE: The midterms are given during lecture time. It is your responsibility to arrive on time for them. If you are late, you will have correspondingly less time for your exam.

Leadership Example

Leadership Example Leadership – Case Study Example Leadership al Affiliation: Leadership Summary Obama was able to use his personal appeal to win the general elections. To many, he isa leader who inspires hope to the oppressed and less fortunate in the society. He is a charismatic leader who has been able to navigate his way up despite the existence of successful people both in the organizations and the society at large. In order to understand in depth Obama as a charismatic leader, a study was conducted with the aim of investigating the discourse of charisma mainly in articles that were written six months before his election. The results indicated that the media played a significant role in creating an enthusiastic atmosphere around Obama. His charismatic characteristics were built around him as a person with major emphasis being on his life story, personality, and behaviour. Critical AnalysisElections in United States are closely contested with people looking at personal ideologies. However, in this election, there was a diversion from the norm. For many decades, marginalized groups especially blacks and non-natives felt that if one of their own was in the helm of power, they were likely to be recognized. However, Barrack Obama was able to create a link between the natives and non natives. His behaviours, personalities, and life story inspired both the oppressed and the local population. In addition, many looked at him as an inspirational leader. Nevertheless, his charismatic leadership when he was a senator of Illinois made people to feel that he has good leadership skills that can steer the country ahead. ImplicationsOne of the major implications of charismatic characteristics is that Obama was able to secure votes from both natives and non-natives. In addition, he has created hope to all people irrespective of their social status, religious background, and race. This has played a significant role in uniting people in the country. Leadership Example Leadership – Article Example Emily A. S.(2007) Taking responsibility. http www.what-are-good-leadership-skills.com/article-on-leadership-skills-08.html INTRODUCTION The article is about taking personal responsibility in any organization for success. Whenever a difficult situation comes we think that we are victim and start cursing the things that are beyond our control.The writer is of the view that the winners don’t have this attitude. Instead of being victim the winners find way to move forward, no matter how hard the situation is. This is what the personal responsibility is.FINDINGSThe author found that by taking personal responsibility for the things anybody can make a positive difference in life in terms of success. He demonstrates this by giving the example of sale girl who didn’t have the right shoe size for the author but instead of saying sorry he guided the author for other shops where he can find one, even she called those to make sure which one has this size to help author. By taking pe rsonal responsibility she made one loyal customer. In difficult situations stead of blaming we should ask question how we can make this situation better instead of waiting for others to come and rescue us. Author considers the employees, bosses, colleagues’ customers by relating the example of that sale girl. By taking personal responsibility we can make many loyal customers even if we are not sales person.CRITIQUEThe authorhas arranged the information in logical order where there are some points which are quite strong. These are as follows:â€Å"To believe you have no choice is to become a â€Å"victim† with no control†.Yes most of the time people think that easy solution is to get out of the situation by rationalizing our logic that it’s not my duty or fault. When we make our self-victim, we get out of the situation but the things are not corrected because we think that things are not under our control.â€Å"Stop whining or making excuses for why itâ⠂¬â„¢s not working out. Right now, take personal responsibility for moving things in the direction you want them to go.†The author is making the point that instead of blaming and excuses we should spend our time in searching for solution. So this relates that if we take the personal responsibility instead of being victim to move things forward we can make the difference.The article is short but there are fewer facts and figures. There are no facts that can support the main point and because of this the article evokes less.Beside thesethings there are some points in the article that need more explanation:â€Å"She did not have to do what she did, but because she took personal responsibility for satisfying my needs, she has now produced a loyal customer.†Although example is good but it does not clearly relates to the topic. If it wasn’t her job but she tried to do it, can she always do it? So should we always help others beyond the limit to make them our loyal cust omers? The example should be more elaborative to explain the concept of being victim in contrast to taking personal responsibility. Leadership Example Leadership – Coursework Example Leadership March 20, Leadership Leadership, the act or process of influencing people towards collective objectives, is an important element in an organizational set up. There are many leadership styles and contingency theory suggests that one leadership style may suit a given situation than are other leadership styles. Based on the theory, issues that pertain to use of force, unmotivated employees, and internal corruption would require different leadership styles to resolve. Authoritarian leadership style would be most effective in resolving use of force issues. The leadership approach focuses on control along an organizational structure, from top to bottom, and is based on allegiance to authority. It can therefore initiate or control issues that relate to force through an order that followers must obey. Authoritarian leadership focuses on immediate expectations, like controlling the use of force issues, and not behavioral effects on followers, though this identifies its weakness (Ne varez and Wood, 2010).Transformational leadership style, which focuses on empowerment and motivation among other issues, would be the most suitable for influencing unmotivated personnel. The leadership approach identifies followers’ needs and potentials, empowers followers, and meets their needs towards motivation. Meeting identified needs such as competence for performance would increase self worth, while offering rewards for performance would initiate positive attitude to initiate motivation among the personnel (Nevarez and Wood, 2010). Solving types of internal corruption would however require transformational leadership, a contingent approach that is based on positive or negative motivation. Many factors such as financial and behavioral factors affect desire to engage in corruption and integrating factors that counteract motivation to corruption such as sufficient remuneration, rewards for non-corrupt personnel, and punishment against corrupt personnel would help (Nevarez and Wood, 2010). Authoritarian leadership would therefore resolve use of force issues while transformational leadership would resolve unmotivated personnel issue and transactional leadership would resolve internal corruption issues.ReferencesNevarez, C. and Wood, J. (2010). Community college leadership and administration: Theory, practice, and change. New York, NY: Peter Lang.

The Use and Impact of Total Quality Management in the UK Business Literature review

The Use and Impact of Total Quality Management in the UK Business Sector - Literature review Example Introduction Over the last few decades in the U.K, quality management models have been used to improve on the performance of the firms. It is thus applied by these firms in realization of excellent results. The literature review here has discussed whether the quality management fosters change and flexibility of firms in trying to realize their set goals or whether on contrary it hinders the firm’s interest in their new developments. Consequently, quality management has evolved considerably hence it is very much vital to try to determine whether these practices have provided effective means in order to respond to the flexibility necessary in the new competitive conditions (Hariharan 2004). Research design A list of techniques was generated from various sources, which included textbook, scholarly works. The initial list included 13 techniques. These are the techniques applied. Balanced score card, cooperate social responsibility, customer surveys, improvement teams, mission and vision statements, employee suggestion scheme, lean, knowledge management, QMS, Six sigma, supplier evaluation, SWOT analysis, and 5S (Hariharan 2004). Questionnaire and Questionnaire administration The questionnaire included the following questions on how quality management has been used in the following principles in the company. 1) Employee involvement 2) Company culture 3) Executive management 4) Company decision-making and continuous improvement. (Fahey 1997). First of all, a covering e-mail and survey was sent to the sample of 10 managers of the registered telecom companies in U.K. 5 days after the mail had been sent, a reminder postal card was also sent to non-responders. A total of 10 requests where made whereby seven of the interview requests were accepted. As a result, the whole interview yielded a total of 17 usable responses, which included seven from the structured interviews hence it yielded response rate of 17.8% and 9 from e-mail responses yielding a response rate of 30%. So, the overall response rate was 24.3%. (Fahey 1997). Non-response bias In trying to assess the non-response bias in the mail survey, the statistical significance different tests now between the earlier responses and the later response is used. So, using this method, first five responders and the last five responders were then compared. The test of the 20 randomly selected survey items then found there was no any statistical significant difference. This brought us to our conclusion that non-response may not be a major problem in our study. (Fahey 1997). Literature review According to Jackson (2002), total quality management is one of the management approaches applied by firms in seeking to establish zero defects when running your business. It comprises of team leadership, worker empowerment, and creative problem solving in order to achieve its set goals. These programs are now available in marketing, production, customer support, and finance. A TQM program includes all aspect s of organizations operations, which include, the structure of the company, the culture the company has developed, and its hiring and promotional practices. TQM evolved from the quality assurance methods that were first developed during the First World War. It was as a result of these was which led to large-scale manufacturing efforts that produced poor quality of goods and services in the world. Principles of total quality man

Captivate and Jing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Captivate and Jing - Essay Example In the dialog box that opens, click on â€Å"From MS PowerPoint† and select the presentation needed. A dialog box appears before the selected presentation is imported. This is shown on right. You can select individual slides, resolution, and the manner in which the slideshow will advance once imported into Captivate. After making your selections, click OK button. At this point the entire presentation is available inside the Captivate interface. Double clicking on any slide opens it in the â€Å"Editing† view which looks like the figure below. Press the â€Å"Edit† button to open the editing interface of PowerPoint from inside Captivate to make changes. Personal voice can be added to slides in two ways. Firstly, users can select a slide and record their voice directly into it while the project is open. Secondly, it is possible to import a pre-recorded audio file containing personal voice recorded separately at another system or at another time. A dialog box displaying options for voice recording will open. One can record over the current slide, select slide by slide number, or record for the entire presentation. Audio buttons allow begin, end, and pause in recording. Once recording is complete, it can be played back and edited as well. Additionally, user can change the target slide for recording during the recording process itself. Once recording is complete, click the Stop button in audio buttons set, and click OK to save the recording. To import a pre-recorded audio file, click F6 or the â€Å"Import to slide†¦Ã¢â‚¬  menu item. An open file dialog box will appear and the specific file required can be selected. These file would then appear in the audio section of the selected slide. Adobe Captivate can read out slide notes using the built in synthesized computer voices. To activate text to speech, open the slide in edit mode. Click on the green dot under â€Å"Text to speech† column just above

Aquaculture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Aquaculture - Essay Example The impact of wastes from the aquaculture pollutes the aquatic environment, because aquaculture is also an industry, which produces sea species in large amount. The modern methods of aquaculture have been found to pollute seawater and fresh waters than that of fish farming. Reading and Midlen [1998] suggests that â€Å"without drastically changing agricultural farming practices this situation will not change in the foreseeable future† p-21. They quote a survey report as an illustration â€Å"for example, fish farming in Denmark accounts for less than 1% of the total nitrogen loading and less than 2% of the total phosphorous loading [FES, 1992. In this respect, the environmental impact from fish farming waste is small in comparison to the potential impact of agricultural wastes†p-21. The most significant effect of the aqua waste is the nutrient concentrations in natural waters, which results in an increase of plankton and microbial populations. The wasted fish feed becomes the source of the wastes. Some of the nutrients present in the fish feed for fishes grown in aquaculture does not allow the nutrients that come through the wastes to get dissolved. Reading and Midlen [1998] observe this undissolved waste as â€Å"solid faecal waste†. The excretion of chemical and drugs used in aquaculture for maintenance is another polluting agent affecting the fresh water environment. This excretion of chemicals excreted as wastes are accumulated as organic sediments in the fresh and seawater environment. Therefore, researches are going on to make this aquaculture eco friendly. Since the aquaculture requires a fresh water system, the effect of the chemicals and drugs used in an aqua system has more possibilities to pollute the water system. Ponds are generally preferred to cultivate aquatic species. However, the problem related in farming inside a pond is that walls are constructed to

Safety in plastic manufacturing

Safety in plastic manufacturing INTRODUCTION: Plastic manufacturing is becoming one of the most important fields in manufacturing (Makin 1987). All manufacturers are trying to reduce their cost by putting plastic into their machines or computers. Plastic Manufacturing started from producing combs and buttons till it reached different fields of production such as: automotive, medical equipments, aerospace, construction and consumer goods as well as toys and packaging. The most important threat that has been facing the advance of this technology is health and safety. Safety in plastic manufacturing is critical because you deal with different areas such as: the machinery, raw materials (generally petrochemical materials) which are mostly flammable and lately there has been environmental issues of concern arising from the manufacturing of plastics thats why It needs to be considered during the design phase of a factory before starting the manufacturing phase. With more and more automation and advanced machinery being applied to this industry, and greater application of new technologies being implemented with increased capability for providing flexibility to the process and operations, greater attention has to be given to safety. This research aims to capture what level of safety is there in plastic factories. And what it lacks for and what is needed to implement health and safety inside these factories and protect the workers and the owners of the factory in addition of comparing the cost of a safety program in a factory to the money spent in case accidents happen because of the low level of safety. The study will briefly review the impact of this industry on the environment and the importance of recycling to cut-down these impacts. Studies have been conducted in different industrial countries like: The United kingdom and The United States of America and comparing that to an industrial developing country like Saudi Arabia. KEY QUESTIONS: There are several questions to be exploded in this topic of research because as mentioned earlier safety in plastic factories is critical because it is attached to different sectors like: machinery, raw materials, and environmental issues. So the main question can be: How to implement a safe environment in a plastic factory? This main question can be specified by using the following questions: 1- What are the most common accidents and injuries that happen in plastic factories? 2- What are the reasons that cause accidents in plastic factories? 3- Why is plastic manufacturing threatening the environment? What are the solutions to reduce this risks and accidents caused by this industry? 4- How can you develop safety in plastic factories in developing countries like Saudi Arabia? AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This research will aim to capture the main reason of accidents in plastic factories and how to implement health and safety in this industry in all phases. These aims can be specified to the following: * Decreasing the risks that plastic manufacturing causes in the environment, and developing the ways to prevent pollution caused by this industry such as plastic recycling. * Cutting down the number of accidents during work by applying advanced safety plans and precautions in Saudi Arabia. * Analysing the most common accidents and their reasons and link them together statically. * Implementing computers and networks in emergency management inside and outside the factories. Generally, this study will embrace the ways of having a healthy and safe environment in plastic factories and how to reduce accidents and risk that are caused by this industry. LITERATURE REVIEW: In 1868 John Wesly Hyatt developed plastic material called celluloid he used it to substitute ivory which was becoming more expensive and difficult to obtain after improvements ,from that plastic industry was born (Bryce 1999). During the next 40-50years others began to investigate this new process and used it for manufacturing. During 1940s the plastic injection moulding industry became more popular because of the demand created for inexpensive mass produced products after the World War II. The makers of Bakelite, the first synthetic plastic called it the material of the thousand uses and used the mathematical symbol of infinity [à ¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾] as a trademark (Bryce 1999). In general applying safety to your factory and keeping your workers healthy and safe does not happen by chance there are different things to be done from electrical and machinery safety to dust handling requirements for example: careful management processes, commitment throughout the organisation in addition to safety management including risk assessments, engineering controls, and emergency procedures and training. Good management processes in plastic manufacturing includes carefully evaluating raw materials and implementing controls such as containers, safe handling procedures and use of appropriate personal protective equipment, because as mentioned before plastics are petrochemical materials that must be dealt with carefully. It is always recommended to have a good communication with the raw material companies in case any information is needed. Prevention of pollution is essential too; it can be by controlling techniques for emission such as optimising processing conditions for h andling and mixing dry additives and storing of these materials. Health and safety associations such as Health and Safety Executive (HSE) work to improve safety in a wide variety of sectors in this industry. Firstly, machines new or old should comply with its regulations and meet the requirements needed. About the workers; government regulations in Europe and North America require that operators be protected from moving parts of machinery, while machinery parts that require a tool to open must be opened by trained personnel following appropriate safety procedures (British Plastic Federation 2009; Health and Safety Executive 2009). To avoid hand injury which is almost 25-50% of the total injuries in this industry according to the HSE statistics survey, robots and automation are implemented to protect workers from injury during manual handling although it is difficult to eliminate manual handling but they are trying to cut it down. Safety of using these robots should be encountered too because there are not reliable and safe 100%.There are several accidents reported from using robots and automation, the first robot fatality occurred in Japan in 1981 the robot stabbed an employee to death the employee didnt use the safeguards (Makin 1987). Nearly 80 accidents in blow moulding factories were investigated by inspectors from HSE during 1986-1996.It was found that 50% of these accidents happen because inadequate or damaged safe guarding about another 25% were because of defeated safeguards (Health and Safety 2009). To avoid these kinds of accidents it is recommended to: provide the right safer guarding and check it is kept in the position and working effectively. Plastics are created by refining common petroleum products the most common are crude oil and natural gas. Fire in plastics manufacturing may generate black acrid smoke and poisonous gases including carbon monoxide. The fires may spread quickly and be difficult to extinguish. Sources of ignition should be controlled by prohibiting smoking and hot work in high risk areas. A key to safe operation is safety awareness and putting safety as a priority at all levels, from the operator to the manager. Mr.Seeberg the safety director at Clariant says that workers will notice if their site manager or supervisor is only concerned with the output or is also concerned with safety (Science Direct 2009). Before safety training can be effective, top management must show a clear commitment and interest in safety. Some managers say that their major concern is that they do not have the resources to have a full time safety person in this case they can rent a safety supervisor in-order to reduce the cost. In general the employers duties can be summarised in: * Making the workplace safe without risks to health. * Ensuring the plant and machinery are safe and that systems of work are set and followed. * Giving the information instructions, training and supervision necessary for health and safety. The successful implementation of management system for both occupational health and safety and return to work programmes will result in positive change in business and safety cultures in the industry and there will be a considerable opportunity to reduce costs in manufacturing. The plastic industry faced a lot of threats in its beginning a lot of people tried to link it with cancer. The waste and littering caused by plastic products in the world especially in sea shores (Meikle 1995).Plastic bags are light weight and moisture resistant meaning that it can float in air and water easily and travel long distances. Every year more than six million tons of trash is dumped into seas and oceans more than 80% are plastic like plastic bags and bottles. Sea creatures eat the plastic thinking it was food which can cause their death, some blamed plastic bags for the death of kids by suffocation too (Clean Up 2009). To avoid plastic waste and cut from its effects high fines are applied now; in the USA the cruise ship Royal Princess was fined  £311,000 for dumping 20 bags of garbage overboard( British Plastic Federation 2009). In-order to face these threats plastic associations are implementing recycling in every home so the impacts of this manufacturing can be prevented. Most of the plastics can be recycled and has its own way of recycling, thats why in the bottom of every plastic product you can find the initials for its name and type like PP for polypropylene and HDPE for high density polyethylene as shown below in Figure(1). In the UK five million tonnes of plastic are used annually only 19% is getting recycled but it is planned to reach 25%by 2010.There are a lot of benefits from recycling plastic, to sum it up we can say: less used plastic, less oil used for plastic production and less energy consumed which will affect the plastic industry positively. REASEARCH METHOD: In this part I will introduce the methods used in this study and explain the techniques used and where this research fit into. Generally this research is a combination of both methods; quantitative and qualitative which is also known as the mixed method. Firstly, the quantitative method which mostly deals with numerical data to develop theories and hypothesis (Creswell 2003). In-order to obtain information to develop the safety in plastic factories we are going to design questionnaires and surveys to seek answers for a couple of question that will help us fill the gap. Some of these questions are open-ended and that is where the qualitative method combines. Secondly the qualitative method is a method of inquiry used for different scientific and academic fields, traditionally in the social sciences, but also in market research (Creswell 2003). It also investigates how and when a decision can be made we will make some interviews with workers, factory managers, and people from health and safety organizations. Usually in social sciences quantitative research is contrasted with qualitative for the purpose of discovering meaning and models of relationships. Although when it comes to their aspects of scientific investigation there is a difference (Creswell 2003), it is said that both are attached and help each other as Kuhn (1961:152) says large amounts of qualitative work usually been prerequisite to fruitful quantification in the physical sciences. Qualitative research is used to explore a phenomenon and form theories then we can test these theories by using quantitative research. In this research in-order to obtain useful information that can help in applying health and safety in plastic factories and have a safe environment, we will have around 200 questionnaires distrubted to different types of people who in this industry such as: workers, engineers, managers, etc. There will be interviews with people from health and safety organisations in the UK, like the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and the Plastic Processors Health and Safety Liaison Committee (PPHSLC). Also there will be four factories from Saudi Arabia as case study and compare the safety of these factories to the safety requirements in the UK and try to develop the safety there to the same level in the UK. All the data taken from the questioners, survey, and interviews will be analysed by using SPSS to determine the relationships by manipulating factors thought to influence safety in plastic manufacturing. There are several studies done before in how plastic manufacturing is effecting the enviro nment we will see where these studies reached and modify their approaches. TIMETABLE: TASK DURATION Proposal Preparation 18Nov-1 Dec Literature Review 1Dec-1 March Fieldwork 1Feb-15 March Data Analysis 15 March-22 March Presentation 22 March-1 April Final Report 1 April-30 April CONCLUSION: As a conclusion for this study we will find the gaps in safety in plastic manufacturing and help having a safe environment by developing safety procedures and observe the threats that are effecting the environment. Also, the safety in plastic factories in Saudi Arabia will be studied, and determine what it lacks for and how can it be developed to reach the appropriate level of safety. As all studies in this field this study benefited from the relevance of previous researches and assumptions of many experts. The analysis of the data and surveys will show how much people are concerned about safety. Hope this study cans be effective in the development of safety in plastic manufacturing and helps other researches in the future in this topic to obtain what safety in plastic factories lacks. REFERENCES: British Plastic Federation (2009), Health and Safety [online] available from [21 November 2009] Bryce, Douglas M. (1999) Plastic Injection Moulding. Clean Up Australia Ltd (2009) Plastic Recycling Fact Sheet [online] available from [22 November 2009] Creswell, J.W. (2003) Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and mixed method approaches. Cross Plastics (2008) Domestic Recycling Symbols [online] available from [30 November 2009] Health and Safety Executive (2009) [online] available from [17 November 2009] Meikle, Jeffry I. (1995) American Plastic a Cultural History. Kuhn, T. (1961) The Function of Measurement in Modern Physical Science Makin, P. (1987) Safety in Advanced Manufacturing, Journal of Proceeding of the Advanced Manufacturing international seminar 14,(1) 1-4 Markarian, J. (2008) Worker Health And Safety in Plastics Compounding. Journal of Plastic Additives and Compounding [online] 10,(1) 26-29.Available from [28 November 2009]

The Feminist Struggle Portrayed in Brief History Of The Horse Essay

The Feminist Struggle Portrayed in Brief History Of The Horse  Ã‚   Lorna Crozier's poem, "A Brief History Of The Horse", offers many different interpretations. However, the structure of the poem breaks down into three stages: past, present, and future. By examining the archetypes within the poem, it can be suggested that the horse stands to represent the feminist struggle, the ongoing battle for women to have an equal place in society. In explicating "A Brief History Of The Horse," it is of primary importance to examine the logopoeia (thought level) of the poem. The archetype of the horse suggests the poem's feminist aspect. To elucidate, the horse, as a Jungian archetype, represents motherhood and the magic side of man. What Jung refers to as the "`mother withing all of us,' or intuitiveness, and lies in the subconscious"(Cirlot, 151). In Crozier's poem, reference to the subconscious is quite apparent in the first stanza or stage; the horse grazes in "pastures of sleep." A grazing horse is also symbolic of freedom and peace (Oderr, 69); however, this freedom can only be obtained in sleep. The mother figure is also represented by the fact that the soldiers are within the horse. They are in the belly of the horse: "the soldiers feel the sway of the horse's belly as she races night across the meadows"(260). This implies the notion of a fetus in a womb. However, the men (soldiers) are not aware of the outside world of the horse, believing that they are in "a hold of a ship that smells of grass and forgetfulness"(260). Thus, the notion that the horse is grazing in a pasture of green grass (peace), yet the men(soldiers) are unable to see the truth. They are unaware of what problems the horse is actually faced with. The soldier... ...ermore, regardless of how much the horse is repressed it will eventually do what it wants to do. It doesn't matter what label is placed on the feminist struggle, it is inevitable that women will have a place equal in society to men. The horse will eventually graze "calmly in the meadow", and there will be a time when men and women are equal. In conclusion, the poem moves from the basic history or repression of the horse to the future outlook. The horse stands as an archetype for the mother, the feminist struggle. Therefore, the poem becomes a history of the feminist struggle, from being born of ancient times, through the ignorance of current times and eventually it will come to rest. Without a doubt, women will eventually have an equal place in society. The poet is quite adamant that females will become equal to men. The feminist movement cannot be suppressed.

Debate Winners Summary Essay

Over the past few weeks, my group and I have been in a constant debate about the pros and cons of legalizing guns in the United States. This has been a constant debate that has been going on for sometime now. My group and I had the opportunity to really explore both sides thoroughly. It was amazing to find out the citizens of America were truly divided on the decision for guns to be legalized. According to The Resnick articile (1999), In 2008, the United States Supreme Court in District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570 (2008), held that the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution protects an individual’s right to possess a firearm for private use within the home in federal enclaves. In 2010, in McDonald v. Chicago, 561 U.S. __ (2010), the Supreme Court held that the right of an individual to keep and bear arms protected by the Second Amendment is incorporated by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and applies to the states. That American citizens have a right to own firearms is conclusive and irrefutable. Due to this argument, it’s only right for the people of America to embrace the right to protect your homes and family by having the right to purchase a weapon. People also value the right to have a gun for personal pleasure. There are men and women that enjoy the sport of hunting and those of us that love to go out to a range and shoot at target. According to The Pros & Cons (2014), if we opt not to legalize guns, we would potentially increase Black Market trade and ruin commercial trade, hinder evidence for prosecution, influence effects of socialism and totalitarianism to be seen upon a country’s social and government infrastructures. Some people view guns as not being safe at all. People feel there aren’t enough restrictions for guns. There are far too many people with criminal backgrounds that have direct access to guns. Guns have been viewed as being  an addition to violence. Over the years, we’ve seen children shooting children with their parent’s gun. Guns are easily accessible on the Black Market. Terrorists are utilizing guns to bully our citizens. According to Messerli (2012), Suicides and crimes of passion are higher with gun availability, as it’s much easier to act immediately on your impulses when a gun is available. As we can see, one could argue that we should ensure that guns remain legal in the U.S. and one could argue that we shouldn’t. Based on the information read, my team and I have come to the conclusion that the pros to legalizing guns should definitely win this argument. No one wants to violate the rights of the men and women of America. Reference Resnick, R. (1999). The Second Amendment Is Not Negotiable. Retrieved from http://www.frontpagemag.com/2012/ron-resnick/the-second-amendment-is-not-negotiable/ The Pros & Cons (2014, January 29). Pros and Cons: Gun Control. Retrieved March 16, 2015, from http://theproscons.com/pros-cons-of-gun-control. Messerli, J. (2012). BalancedPolitics.org. Retrieved from http://www.balancedpolitics.org/gun_control.htm

The Detailed Guideline on Writing a Lab Report

The Detailed Guideline on Writing a Lab Report How to Write a Lab Report Writing academic research papers is a must for every psychology degree course. Before writing a report it is necessary to conduct research on human behavior and collect necessary data. Many students face difficulties with selecting research topics for their lab reports, and often attempt to make things even more difficult than they actually are. You can always consult with your supervisor, but if possible, keep it simple by choosing a memory experiment. Also ensure your topic adheres to ethical guidelines. Keep in mind that most often the paper has to be written and formatted in APA style. The Format of Lab Report As to the lab report format, you should write its title page, abstract, references and appendices sections on separate pages each. There are certain requirements to the formatting: students should use double-line spacing, font size 12 and include numbers of pages. Make sure your report has a thread of argument that links every sentence starting with the introduction and ending with the discussion. Title Page It is obvious that here, your aim is to indicate the main topic of your paper. Ensure the title page includes the IV DV. Avoid formulating the report’s title as a question. Abstract (should be written last) This part of the paper has to come at the beginning of the report but should be written at the end. It must provide a brief and clear summary of the report. Make sure it is short, but avoid using a note form. Before you start writing your own abstract, it would be great to look through some journal articles for examples. Start this section with a one-sentence summary that explains the aim and gives the rationale for the study. Then, introduce the participants and setting, describe the method used in the research work, and provide the main findings. In the last sentence, outline the â€Å"contribution to knowledge† of your study. Explain what it all means and refer to the implications of your findings. Introduction In this section of your paper, you have to explain where your hypothesis comes from. Make sure you are accurate regarding the way the research outlines the links to the hypothesis of your study. It is recommended to start this section with general theory, shortly introducing the topic. Then, narrow it down to a specific theory and research. It would be enough to refer to two or three relevant studies that logically lead to your aims and hypotheses. Make sure there is a logical progression of ideas, which improves the flow of your paper. Be precise and selective. Do not include anything that seems irrelevant. Do not turn this part into an essay. Do not include all the details in this section. You should realize that the aims do not just appear from nowhere; the preceding literature review must logically lead to this part. Devote a separate paragraph to explain what you are about to investigate and why. It is recommended to refer to the previously cited research, which should help explain your expectations. Later you have to formally state them as the hypotheses. However, keep in mind that aims are not the same as the hypotheses. You also have to state the alternate hypothesis, which should be plain, precise and include the variables under research. Method So, how to write a lab report method section? First, presume the reader does not have any knowledge of what you did. Make sure he or she is able to replicate your research using exactly what you write in this part of the paper. Provide enough detail to replicate your experiment – be brief and clear. Avoid explaining or justifying in this section, just report what you did. This section should be written in past tense. Use the following subheadings in this section of your paper: Design Here, your goal is to indicate the experimental design, to describe the independent variables, and to present various conditions. While writing about the dependent variables, check again whether they are put into use. Also, write about each used control method. Participants Indicate the target population and type of. Also, explain the way you received the. Provide such relevant details as the amount, age range, etc. Materials In this part, tell the reader which materials you used in your research, including computer equipment, surveys, word lists, etc. There is no necessity to describe all used materials – instead you can include a â€Å"sensible† level of detail. Procedure In this section of your lab report, describe in detail the procedure you followed while carrying out the research. Describe everything briefly and clearly and avoid insignificant details. Results Here, you should provide the descriptive statistics and the inferential one. Omit interpreting the results as this has to be included in the discussion. Your results must be presented in a precise and clear manner. You may want to use a table to display descriptive statistics so that it is easier to understand. Avoid including any raw data. Instead, include the following information: the kind of statistical test, clarification of whether or not a considerable difference was found, the effect size, the mean diversity, and 95% confidence intervals. Discussion In the discussion part of your lab report, outline your findings in plain English. Avoid any statistical jargon. Relate the results you received to the hypothesis you had made earlier. Clarify whether it is supported or rejected. Then, compare the results of your research to background materials you have presented in the introduction. Explain whether your results are similar or not and discuss why. Prove how confident the reader can be in the results. Indicate limitations if there are any. If you have found a reliable effect make sure to suggest limitations very carefully as you may be doubting your results. Unless you consider any confounding variable that is able to explain the outcome instead of the IV, leave the section out. Offer practical ways which you think could invest to your study. Write about the implications of your findings and their significance for the way people behave in the everyday life. Provide an idea for further research. It should be something in the similar area, but not an improved version of your study. You may want to base it on the limitations of your research. Finish this section with a statement of your findings and main points of the discussion in several sentences. References Here, you just have to provide a list of all sources cited in the research paper. You have to include them in the alphabetical order. Remember that the references section is not the same as a bibliography, which is a list of books used in the research. Simply put, each time you refer to a certain psychologist, you must reference the original source of the information. If you have been using textbooks in your study, it would be easy to write the references section because the references are usually at the back of the book so that students can just copy them down. If you have been using the Internet, then you may face certain difficulties, as many websites do not provide a reference section to copy. Also, you have to remember that references must be set out APA style. One of the simplest ways to write this section is to use Google scholar. All you have to do is to type the name and date of the author in the search box and click on the ‘cite’ link. Then, just copy the reference to your references section of the report. Writing a lab report is quite a complicated task, which requires much time, effort and specific knowledge. However, with the help of our guideline you will likely manage it with less difficulty. Just make sure to keep concentrated on your work and check everything carefully. Good luck!